Biodiversity
About the activity
To fully understand the importance of Biodiversity for the development of a country and its people, it is first necessary to know the meaning and essence of this concept. When asked "What is biodiversity?" many answer that it is "nature" or "wild animals". However, biodiversity is a much broader concept, including all types of life and all natural systems on our planet.
Biodiversity is not a static concept. It recognizes that all biological parts of nature are interdependent.
Three levels of this concept are often distinguished:
– biodiversity of species - the diversity of all plants and animals, including various bacteria and microorganisms;
– genetic diversity - the diversity of genetic material in species and the biodiversity between them;
– diversity of ecological systems - the richness of ecological systems (e.g. mountain forests, deserts or savannas, deserts and seas, etc.). These three levels together constitute biodiversity. Therefore, the conservation of each of these levels is important for the conservation of biodiversity as a whole.
The total biological diversity of Uzbekistan is more than 27 thousand species. Tall and higher plant species stand out in the flora of our country. There are about 4,500 species of higher plants and more than 2,000 species of mushrooms on the territory of the Republic of Uzbekistan. Among them, there are more than 300 rare and relict species that require serious protection. 314 plant species are listed in the Red Book of the Republic of Uzbekistan.
About 65 species of wild medicinal, food and industrial plants are grown in the republic annually. The largest number of harvests falls on the following species: licorice, kovrak, kovul, mushroom and namatak.
The fauna of Uzbekistan includes 706 species of vertebrates (mammals - 107, birds - 460, reptiles - 64, amphibians - 3 and fish - 76), as well as more than 15 thousand species of invertebrates. As a result of increased nature management over the past ten years, many animal species in Uzbekistan have been subjected to strong anthropogenic influence, their ranges and numbers have decreased, and some have completely disappeared.
The Red Book of Uzbekistan includes 30 species of mammals, 52 species of birds, 21 species of reptiles, 18 species of fish, 3 species of ringworms, 15 species of mollusks and 67 species of arthropods.
The activities of the Ministry of Ecology, environmental protection and climate change of the Republic of Uzbekistan in the field of biodiversity are mainly in the protection of natural complexes, flora and fauna, regulation and control over their rational use, as well as a system of measures in the field of biodiversity. The sphere includes the development and implementation, development of international relations in the field of studying and protecting biodiversity and others.
| 1 | The Red Book of the Animal World of the Republic of Uzbekistan in 3-three languages (48,7 mb) |
| 2 |
The Red Book of the Flora of the Republic of Uzbekistan in 3-three languages (67 mb) |
